DEFENCE STUDIES (WORK BOOK) STANDARD NINE
1. National Security
Activities
1. Read about the invasion on India by Alexander the Great. Which kings of India helped him? Read about the battle of Jhelumm between Alexander and Porus. Write in your own words about the valour and self-respect shown by Porus.
Ans :- Explanation
Invasion by Alexander the Great is one of the biggest events that took place in the history of India.
King Ambishara or Ambhi helped Alexander in invading India as he was a very hateful enemy of the king Porus. He helped Alexander in conquering India.
While entering India Alexander had to face his first enemy Porus. Battle of Jhelum or Battle of Hydapses took place between Alexander and Porus in 326 B.C.
Great valour and self-respect were shown by Porus as when he was taken prisoner, he was asked by Alexander how did he want to be used. Porus replied that he wanted to be used as a King.
Answer
King Ambishara helped Alexander in invading and capturing India. Battle of Jhelum took place between Porus and Alexander. On being asked by Alexander how he wanted to be used, Porus replied that he wanted to be used as a King. This shows Porus’s valour and self-respect.
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2. What kind of conversation might have taken place between Alexander and Porus? Write the conversation with the help of your teacher and enact it.
Ans :- Explanation
When Alexander invaded India, there was a great war between Porus and Alexander at the banks of river Jhelum. The battle continued for seven hours.Alexander captured a major part of India and Porus fought a great war with Alexander. He was considered the bravest warrior in the war.After winning the battle Alexander captured Porus and imprisoned him. Alexander admired Porus as he had the quality of not giving up.There was a conversation between Alexander and Porus when Porus was imprisoned.
The conversation was as follows –
Alexander: “What do you want me to do to you?”
Porus: “Treat me as a King”
This impressed King Alexander.
Answer
After winning the battle of Jhelum Alexander captured Porus. The conversation that happened between them is as follows – when Alexander asked Porus “What do you want me to do to you?”, Porus replied, “Treat me as a King”. This impresses Alexander very much.
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3. Observe carefully the map of India under Emperor Ashoka. On the outline of ancient India, show the borders /locations and places of his expansion. (Use std 6 History- Political Science text book as reference)
Ans :- Explanation
Maurya Empire’s greatest emperor was Ashoka.
He was a prominent and efficient ruler of the Maurya Empire.
He expanded the Maurya Dynasty in a vast away.
He covered Bangladesh, and Afghanistan borders.
He also covered the subcontinent parts of Kerela, Tamilnadu, Ujjain, and Pataliputra.
Answer
Ashoka was the greatest emperor of the Maurya Dynasty expanded the Maurya Dynasty and India. He covered Bangladesh, and Afghanistan borders. He also covered the subcontinent parts of Kerela, Tamilnadu, Ujjain, and Pataliputra.
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| Maurya Empire |
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4. Discuss the following
(A) Significance of national integrity to face external aggression
Ans :- Explanation
The integrity of India is very important as India has faced poverty and slavery for many years. India has also faced external aggression which hurt the integrity of this nation. But the government is taking many steps to ensure that the nation’s integrity is maintained.
(B) Provisions in the Constitution of India relating to national integrity. Discuss one of the provisions and write about it here.
- India faced slavery, poverty, and diversion for many years. So, national integrity is a very significant part of this nation as India still faces issues such as communalism a caste system.
- Therefore, India’s integrity is a very significant and major part of the nation. And to ensure that the nation’s integrity is maintained the government is taking various steps.
- Provisions in the Constitution of India relating to national integrity urges people to show integrity and unity.The constitution gives equal rights to all people.
- The rights are equal for every religion, community, caste, and state. India also promotes uniform civil and judiciary government as well as uniform military forces
Answer
Indian constitution provides many rights so that the integrity of the nation is maintained. These rights include – equal rights to each religion, caste, state, and community. Equal and uniform government and military forces.
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5. Write a note on the natural resources in India as an element of national power.
Ans :- Explanation
- India is a country that many natural resources and is these are considered a national power. Some of these resources include –
- Coal – India is considered to be the fourth-largest reserve of coal in the whole world
- Bauxite – India is considered to be the fifth-largest reserve of coal in the whole world.
- Manganese ore – India is considered to be the seventh-largest reserve of coal in the whole world.Some other natural resources include – diamonds, chromite, natural gas, petroleum, mica, thorium, limestone, etc.
- These natural resources help a nation build, flourish, grow, and develop at a rapid scale. These are considered to be an asset to the nation.
- The natural resources of a country are a great power to the country and benefit the country in times of need. It also develops the national economy.
Answer
The natural resources of a nation are of great power. It helps a country grow and develop. It is an asset to the country. India’s natural resources include – coal, bauxite, mica, manganese ore, limestone, chromite, etc.
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6. Discuss India’s development in the fields of science and technology. Write the points you discussed.
Ans :- Explanation
- India has developed itself much more in the field of science and technology. India ranks third among the most attractive destination for tech.
- Modern India has developed itself and has a focus on science and technology, so India can grow and develop economically.
- India has developed so many new technologies, that it has made the life of people easier and more comfortable.
- The government of India has made it clear that technology is their priority and they are aiming at making the people science-centric.
Answer
India has grown rapidly in the field of science and technology. The Indian government has also prioritized technology and also aimed to make the people of India science-centric. The main focus of India is now science and technology only.
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7. Organise a group discussion on India’s achievements in the areas of nuclear science and space research. Write here the important matters discussed in the group.
Ans :- Explanation
- India is among the topmost countries in the world in the field of scientific research. It is positioned among the top five nations in the field of space exploration.
- India has regularly undertaken space missions, including the famed Polar Satellite and missions to the moon.ISRO (Indian Space Research Organization) has done a lot of work in developing India in the field of space research.
- ISRO launched 104 satellites in a single rocket and made a world record.India has atomic power plants and has done much nuclear research for the benefit of the nation.
Answer
India also has made great progress in the field of space research. ISRO launched 104 satellites in one rocket in the year 2017 and made a world record. India has nuclear resources and atomic power plants and has done much nuclear research for the benefit of the nation.
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